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GSE13205
Homo sapiens
20 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array (hgu133plus2)
Description
Septic patients treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) often develop multiple organ failure including persistent skeletal muscle dysfunction which results in the patients protracted recovery process. We have demonstrated that muscle mitochondrial enzyme activities are impaired in septic ICU patients resulting in decreased cellular energy which will interfere with muscle function and metabolism. Here we use detailed phenotyping and genomics to elucidate mechanisms leading to these impairments. Methodology/Principle Findings Utilising biopsy material from seventeen patients and ten age-matched controls we demonstrate that neither mitochondrial in vivo protein synthesis nor expression of mitochondrial genes are compromised. Indeed, there was partial activation of the mitochondrial biogenesis pathway involving NRF2?/GABP and its target genes TFAM, TFB1M and TFB2M yet clearly this failed to maintain mitochondrial function. We therefore utilised transcript profiling and pathway analysis of ICU patient skeletal muscle to generate insight into the molecular defects driving loss of muscle function and metabolic homeostasis. Gene ontology analysis of Affymetrix analysis demonstrated substantial loss of muscle specific genes, a global oxidative stress response related to most probably cytokine signalling, altered insulin related signalling and a substantial overlap between patients and muscle wasting/inflammatory animal models. MicroRNA 21 processing appeared defective suggesting that post-transcriptional protein synthesis regulation is altered by disruption of tissue microRNA expression. Finally, we were able to demonstrate that the phenotype of skeletal muscle in ICU patients is not merely one of inactivity, it appears to be an actively remodelling tissue, influenced by several mediators, all of which may be open to manipulation with the aim to improve clinical outcome. Conclusions/Significance This first combined protein and transcriptome based analysis of human skeletal muscle obtained from septic patients demonstrated that losses of mitochondria and muscle mass are accompanied by sustained protein synthesis (anabolic process) while dysregulation of transcription programmes appears to fail to compensate for increased damage and proteolysis. Our analysis identified both validated and novel clinically tractable targets to manipulate these failing processes and pursuit of these could lead to new potential treatments.
Publication Title
Dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics and the muscle transcriptome in ICU patients suffering from sepsis induced multiple organ failure.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 8 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
Loss of immune function and an increased incidence of myeloid leukemia are two of the most clinically significant consequences of aging of the hematopoietic system. To better understand the mechanisms underlying hematopoietic aging, we evaluated the cell intrinsic functional and molecular properties of highly purified long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) from young and old mice. We found that LT-HSC aging was accompanied by cell autonomous changes, including increased stem cell self-renewal, differential capacity to generate committed myeloid and lymphoid progenitors, and diminished lymphoid potential. Expression profiling revealed that LT-HSC aging was accompanied by the systemic down-regulation of genes mediating lymphoid specification and function and up-regulation of genes involved in specifying myeloid fate and function. Moreover, LT-HSCs from old mice expressed elevated levels of many genes involved in leukemic transformation. These data support a model in which age-dependent alterations in gene expression at the stem cell level presage downstream developmental potential and thereby contribute to age-dependent immune decline, and perhaps also to the increased incidence of leukemia in the elderly.
Publication Title
Cell intrinsic alterations underlie hematopoietic stem cell aging.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 6 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array (hgu133plus2)
Description
The tetracycline antibiotics are widely used in biomedical research as mediators of inducible gene expression systems. Despite many known effects of tetracyclines on mammalian cells -- including inhibition of the mitochondrial ribosome -- there have been few reports on potential off-target effects at concentrations commonly used in inducible systems. Here, we report that in human cell lines, commonly used concentrations of doxycycline change gene expression patterns and concomitantly shift metabolism towards a more glycolytic phenotype, evidenced by increased lactate secretion and reduced oxygen consumption. We also show that these concentrations are sufficient to slow proliferation and alter cell cycle progression in vitro. These findings suggest that researchers using doxycycline in inducible expression systems should design appropriate controls to account for potential confounding effects of the drug on cellular metabolism.
Publication Title
Doxycycline alters metabolism and proliferation of human cell lines.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment
View Samples- Rattus norvegicus
- 9 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Rat Genome 230 2.0 Array (rat2302)
Description
We report the generation of induced oligodendrocyte precursor cells (iOPCs) by direct lineage conversion. Forced expression of the three transcription factors Sox10, Olig2 and Zfp536 was sufficient to convert mouse and rat fibroblasts into iOPCs with morphologies and gene expression signatures that resemble OPCs.
Publication Title
Generation of oligodendroglial cells by direct lineage conversion.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 23 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array (hgu133plus2)
Description
We used microarrays to detail the global program of gene expression underlying Parkinson's disease
Publication Title
A genomic pathway approach to a complex disease: axon guidance and Parkinson disease.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 72 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Gene 1.1 ST Array (hugene11st)
Description
In a randomized controlled dietary intervention study, we compared a diet enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with a diet enriched in saturated fatty acids (SFA) for influence on abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue gene expression. We studied young lean adults; 11 women and 25 men. There was no significant difference in age, BMI, or gene expression between the PUFA and SFA groups before the intervention. The intervention lasted for seven weeks.
Publication Title
Overfeeding polyunsaturated and saturated fat causes distinct effects on liver and visceral fat accumulation in humans.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Treatment, Subject, Time
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 4 Downloadable Samples
Ion Torrent Proton
Description
Groucho related gene 5 (GRG5) is a multifunctional protein that has been implicated in late embryonic and postnatal mouse development. Here, we describe a previously unknown role of GRG5 in early developmental stages by analyzing its function in stem cell fate decisions. By both loss and gain of function approaches we demonstrate that ablation of GRG5 deregulates the Embryonic Stem Cell (ESC) pluripotent state whereas its overexpression leads to enhanced self-renewal and acquisition of cancer cell-like properties. A pro-oncogenic potential for GRG5 is revealed by the malignant behavior of teratomas generated from ESCs that overexpress it. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis and cell differentiation approaches underline GRG5 as a multifaceted signaling regulator that represses mesendodermal-related genes. When ES cells exit pluripotency, GRG5 promotes neuroectodermal specification via Wnt and BMP signaling pathways suppression. Moreover, GRG5 promotes the neuronal reprogramming of fibroblasts and maintains the self-renewal of Neural Stem Cell (NSC) by sustaining the activity of Notch and Jak/Stat3 pathways. In summary, our results demonstrate that GRG5 has pleiotropic roles in stem cell biology functioning as a stemness factor and a neural fate specifier. Overall design: Gene expression profiling of control and Grg5 knockdown (KD) embryonic stem cells with RNA-seq, in dublicate, using Ion Torrent Proton.
Publication Title
Groucho related gene 5 (GRG5) is involved in embryonic and neural stem cell state decisions.
Sample Metadata Fields
Cell line, Subject
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 89 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST Array (hugene10st)
Description
PBMC from house dust mite (HDM) sensitized atopics were cultured in the presence or absence of HDM extract for 24 hours.
Publication Title
Distinguishing benign from pathologic TH2 immunity in atopic children.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 27 Downloadable Samples
- NextSeq 500
Description
We report RNA Seq analysis using Illumina nextSeq500 of human beta cells EndoC-BH1 treated with FGF2 to induce dedifferentiation. FGF2 treatment induced dedifferentiation of EndoC-BH1 cells. Indeed, we observed a strong decrease in expression of ß-cell markers, (INS, MAFB, SLC2A2, SLC30A8 and GCK). Opposingly, we identifed positive markers of human ß cell dedifferentiation, as attested by increased expression of mature ß-cell disallowed transcription factors (MYC, HES1, SOX9 and NEUROG3). Interestingly, our temporal analysis revealed that loss of expression of ß cell specific markers preceded the induction of ß cell disallowed genes. Overall design: human beta cells EndoC-BH1 were treated with FGF2 (100ng/L) during 4, 24, 72 and 144h. RNA was isolated post treatment, along with the non-treated controls, and RNA Seq was performed using Illumina nextSeq500 to generate a full transcriptome analysis of gene expression during dedifferentiation of pancreatic beta cells.
Publication Title
Modeling human pancreatic beta cell dedifferentiation.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject, Time
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 4 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
Gene expression profiling on IL-10-secreting and non-secreting murine Th1 cells, stimulated in the presence or absence of the Notch ligand Delta-like 4 (Dll4), was performed to identify transcription factors co-expressed with IL-10.
Publication Title
Role of Blimp-1 in programing Th effector cells into IL-10 producers.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples