Ixodes species ticks are competent vectors of tick-borne viruses including tick-borne encephalitis and Powassan encephalitis. Tick saliva has been shown to facilitate and enhance viral infection. This likely occurs by saliva-mediated modulation of host responses into patterns favorable for viral infection and dissemination. Because of the rapid kinetics of tick-borne viral transmission, this modulation must occur as early as tick attachment and initiation of feeding. In this study, the gene expression profile of cutaneous bite-site lesions created by uninfected ticks were analyzed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 hours after Ixodes scapularis nymphal tick attachment to discover host pathways or responses potentially important in tick-borne viral establishment.
Early immunologic events at the tick-host interface.
Specimen part, Time
View SamplesWe used unsupervised hierarchical clustering to analyse expression in primary ovarian tumors and associated abdominal deposits. GeneGo pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes between primary tumors and deposits revealed 4 of the top 10 pathways related to cytoskeleton remodeling and cell adhesion.
LRP1B deletion in high-grade serous ovarian cancers is associated with acquired chemotherapy resistance to liposomal doxorubicin.
Sex, Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Molecular pathogenesis of post-transplant acute kidney injury: assessment of whole-genome mRNA and miRNA profiles.
Specimen part
View SamplesMS-275 and hydroxyurea treatment influences whole gene expression including DNA damage response and cell cycle checkpoint signaling.
HDAC1 and HDAC2 integrate checkpoint kinase phosphorylation and cell fate through the phosphatase-2A subunit PR130.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesFibrogenic processes instigate fatal chronic diseases leading to organ failure and death. Underlying biological processes involve induced massive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) by aberrant fibroblasts. We subjected diseased primary human lung fibroblasts to an advanced 3D phenotypic high-content assay and screened a library of FDA/EMA approved small molecules for inhibiting ECM deposition. Fibrotic Pattern Detection by Artificial Intelligence (FANTAIL) identified Tranilast as an effective inhibitor, however, by structure-activity relationship studies we found N-(2-butoxyphenyl)-3-(phenyl)acrylamides (N23Ps) as a novel and highly potent compound class. N23Ps suppressed myofibroblast transdifferentiation, ECM deposition, cellular contractility, and altered cell shapes, thus advocating a unique mode of action. Mechanistically, transcriptomics identified SMAD (de)ubiquitination/Smurf2 as a potential therapeutic target network. Antifibrotic activity of N23Ps was verified by proteomics in a human ex vivo tissue fibrosis disease model, suppressing profibrotic markers SERPINE1/PAI1 and CXCL8/IL8. Conclusively, these data suggest N23Ps as a novel class of highly potent compounds with implications for inhibiting organ fibrosis in patients.
Phenotypic drug screening in a human fibrosis model identified a novel class of antifibrotic therapeutics.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Tissue-specific genetic control of splicing: implications for the study of complex traits.
Sex, Age
View SamplesNumerous genome-wide screens for polymorphisms that influence gene expression have provided key insights into the genetic control of transcription. Despite this work, the relevance of specific polymorphisms to in vivo expression and splicing remains unclear. We carried out the first genome-wide screen, to our knowledge, for SNPs that associate with alternative splicing and gene expression in human primary cells, evaluating 93 autopsy-collected cortical brain tissue samples with no defined neuropsychiatric condition and 80 peripheral blood mononucleated cell samples collected from living healthy donors. We identified 23 high confidence associations with total expression and 80 with alternative splicing as reflected by expression levels of specific exons. Fewer than 50% of the implicated SNPs however show effects in both tissue types, reflecting strong evidence for distinct genetic control of splicing and expression in the two tissue types. The data generated here also suggest the possibility that splicing effects may be responsible for up to 13 out of 84 reported genome-wide significant associations with human traits. These results emphasize the importance of establishing a database of polymorphisms affecting splicing and expression in primary tissue types and suggest that splicing effects may be of more phenotypic significance than overall gene expression changes.
Tissue-specific genetic control of splicing: implications for the study of complex traits.
Sex, Age
View SamplesNumerous genome-wide screens for polymorphisms that influence gene expression have provided key insights into the genetic control of transcription. Despite this work, the relevance of specific polymorphisms to in vivo expression and splicing remains unclear. We carried out the first genome-wide screen, to our knowledge, for SNPs that associate with alternative splicing and gene expression in human primary cells, evaluating 93 autopsy-collected cortical brain tissue samples with no defined neuropsychiatric condition and 80 peripheral blood mononucleated cell samples collected from living healthy donors. We identified 23 high confidence associations with total expression and 80 with alternative splicing as reflected by expression levels of specific exons. Fewer than 50% of the implicated SNPs however show effects in both tissue types, reflecting strong evidence for distinct genetic control of splicing and expression in the two tissue types. The data generated here also suggest the possibility that splicing effects may be responsible for up to 13 out of 84 reported genome-wide significant associations with human traits. These results emphasize the importance of establishing a database of polymorphisms affecting splicing and expression in primary tissue types and suggest that splicing effects may be of more phenotypic significance than overall gene expression changes.
Tissue-specific genetic control of splicing: implications for the study of complex traits.
Sex, Age
View SamplesWe performed RNA-Seq and compared expression levels of genes of reactivated LCMV.GP66-77 specific CD4 T cells isolated from bone marrow (BM) and spleen of LCMV.GP61-80 primed C57BL/6 mice. Cells were isolated 3 days after antigenic re-challenge Overall design: C57BL/6 mice were primed at day 0 with LCMV.GP61-80-NP-MSA + poly(I:C) and immunized again at day 14 with LCMV.GP61-80 + poly(I:C). 60 days later, C57BL/6 mice were boosted with LCMV.GP61-80-NP-MSA + poly(I:C) and 3 days after the boost, LCMV specific CD4 T cells were isolated from BM and spleen
Nonfollicular reactivation of bone marrow resident memory CD4 T cells in immune clusters of the bone marrow.
Age, Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesWiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) predisposes patients to leukemia and lymphoma. WAS is caused by mutations in the protein WASP which impair its interaction with the WIPF1 protein. Here, we aim to identify a module of WIPF1-coexpressed genes and to assess its use as a prognostic signature for colorectal cancer, glioma, and breast cancer patients. Two public colorectal cancer microarray data sets were used for discovery and validation of the WIPF1 co-expression module. Based on expression of the WIPF1 signature, we classified more than 400 additional tumors with microarray data from our own experiments or from publicly available data sets according to their WIPF1 signature expression. This allowed us to separate patient populations for colorectal cancers, breast cancers, and gliomas for which clinical characteristics like survival times and times to relapse were analyzed. Groups of colorectal cancer, breast cancer, and glioma patients with low expression of the WIPF1 co-expression module generally had a favorable prognosis. In addition, the majority of WIPF1 signature genes are individually correlated with disease outcome in different studies. Literature gene network analysis revealed that among WIPF1 co-expressed genes known direct transcriptional targets of c-myc, ESR1 and p53 are enriched. The mean expression profile of WIPF1 signature genes is correlated with the profile of a proliferation signature. The WIPF1 signature is the first microarray-based prognostic expression signature primarily developed for colorectal cancer that is instrumental in other tumor types: low expression of the WIPF1 module is associated with better prognosis.
An expression module of WIPF1-coexpressed genes identifies patients with favorable prognosis in three tumor types.
Sex, Age
View Samples