The histone methyltransferase Suv39h1 silences transcriptional programs during CD8+-T cell differentiation
The epigenetic control of stemness in CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell fate commitment.
Specimen part
View SamplesGestational protein restriction is a model for low birth size. We hypothesized that taurine supplementation would protect against changes in newborn liver and muscle caused by a maternal low protein diet.
Gestational protein restriction in mice has pronounced effects on gene expression in newborn offspring's liver and skeletal muscle; protective effect of taurine.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesGenes encoding transcription factors function as hubs in gene regulatory networks because they encode DNA-binding proteins, which bind to promoters that carry their binding sites. In the present work we have studied gene regulatory networks defined by genes with transcripts belonging to different mRNA abundance classes in the small intestinal epithelial cell. The focus is the rewiring that occurs in transcription factor hubs in these networks during the differentiation of the small intestinal epithelial cell while it migrates along the crypt-villus axis and during its development from a fetal endodermal cell to a mature adult villus epithelial cell.
Metabolome, transcriptome, and bioinformatic cis-element analyses point to HNF-4 as a central regulator of gene expression during enterocyte differentiation.
No sample metadata fields
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Integrated molecular analysis of Tamoxifen-resistant invasive lobular breast cancer cells identifies MAPK and GRM/mGluR signaling as therapeutic vulnerabilities.
Treatment
View SamplesInvasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) is an understudied malignancy with distinct clinical, pathological, and molecular features that distinguish it from the more common invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Mounting evidence suggests that estrogen receptor-alpha positive (ER+) ILC has a poor response to Tamoxifen (TAM), but the mechanistic drivers of this are undefined. In the current work, we comprehensively characterize the SUM44/LCCTam ILC model system through integrated analysis of gene expression, copy number, and mutation, with the goal of identifying actionable alterations relevant to clinical ILC that can be co-targeted along with ER to improve treatment outcomes. We show that TAM has several distinct effects on the transcriptome of LCCTam cells, that this resistant cell model has acquired copy number alterations and mutations that impinge on MAPK and metabotropic glutamate receptor (GRM/mGluR) signaling networks, and that pharmacological inhibition of either improves or restores the growth-inhibitory actions of endocrine therapy.
Integrated molecular analysis of Tamoxifen-resistant invasive lobular breast cancer cells identifies MAPK and GRM/mGluR signaling as therapeutic vulnerabilities.
Treatment
View SamplesExtracellular senile plaques of amyloid beta (Abeta) are a pathological hallmark in brain of patients with Alzheimer`s Disease (AD). Abeta is generated by the amyloidogenic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Concomitant to Abeta load, AD brain is characterized by an increase in protein level and activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). ACE inhibitors are a widely used class of drugs with established benefits for patients with cardiovascular disease. However, the role of ACE and ACE inhibition in the development of Abeta plaques and the process of AD-related neurodegeneration is not clear since ACE was reported to degrade Abeta. To investigate the effect of ACE inhibition on AD-related pathomechanisms, we used Tg2576 mice with neuron-specific expression of APPSwe as AD model. From 12 months of age, substantial Abeta plaque load accumulates in the hippocampus of Tg2576 mice as a brain region, which is highly vulnerable to AD-related neurodegeneration. The effect of central ACE inhibition was studied by treatment of 12 month-old Tg2576 mice for six months with the brain penetrating ACE inhibitor captopril. At an age of 18 months, hippocampal gene expression profiling was performed of captopril-treated Tg2576 mice relative to untreated 18 month-old Tg2576 controls with high Abeta plaque load. As an additional control, we used 12 month-old Tg2576 mice with low Abeta plaque load. Whole genome microarray gene expression profiling revealed gene expression changes induced by the brain-penetrating ACE inhibitor captopril, which could reflect the neuro-regenerative potential of central ACE inhibition.
ACE inhibition with captopril retards the development of signs of neurodegeneration in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesAnalysis of epithelial explants injected with the intracellular domain of Notch (ICD) to block the formation of multi-ciliate and proton secreting cells or with dominant negative human Mastermind (HMM) to induce the formation of ectopic multi-ciliate and proton secreting cells. Results show which genes are up or down-regulated when HMM is compared to ICD.
Specification of ion transport cells in the Xenopus larval skin.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesRNA-seq from a cross between an isofemale line and the reference genotype for the purpose of measuring allele specific expression
Estimates of allele-specific expression in Drosophila with a single genome sequence and RNA-seq data.
Sex, Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesBackground: Marketing products with added-value characteristics is a current trend in livestock production systems. Regarding meat, selection for intramuscular fat and muscular fatty acid composition is a way to improve the palatability and juiciness of meat while assuring a healthy fat content. This represents selecting animal with a different muscular metabolic profile with respect to the extended selection of lean animals. Results: The present study has analysed the muscular gene expression profiles of 68 commercial Duroc pigs belonging to two groups with extreme phenotypes for traits strongly related with lipid deposition and composition. This has allowed us to compare the physiological and metabolic implications of selecting for each of these extreme groups. Rather than upregulation of a single pathway, the main differences lied on the transcriptional levels of genes related with lipogenesis and lipolysis, revealing the existence of a cycle where triacylglycerols are continuously synthesized and degraded. Most strikingly, several genes which enhanced fatty acid -oxidation and favoured insulin signalling and glucose uptake were upregulated in the fattest animals, indicating that the events leading to peripheral insulin resistance in humans with increased levels of intramuscular fat and obesity do not take place in these pigs. Moreover, neither was detected the well-characterised low-grade inflammatory state observed in overweighed humans. Conclusion: As a whole, our data suggest that selection for increasing intramuscular fat content in pigs would lead to a shift but not a disruption of the metabolic homeostasis of muscle cells. Future studies on the post-translational changes affecting protein activity or expression as well as information about protein location within the cell would be needed to fully understand how lipid deposition affects muscle physiology in pigs.
Muscle transcriptomic profiles in pigs with divergent phenotypes for fatness traits.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesThe ubiquitously expressed G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2, ADRBK1) is an indispensable kinase involved in growth, differentiation and development. Exaggerated GRK2 activity plays a major pathophysiological role in the development of cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure and hypertension. GRK2 exerts its functions by kinase-dependent and kinase-independent effects. To assess the differential impact of GRK2 on cellular signalling we established HEK cell clones with over-expression of comparable protein levels of GRK2 or the kinase-deficient GRK2-K220R mutant, respectively. HEK cells were either cultured in vitro or expanded in vivo, in immunodeficient NOD.Scid mice to discriminate between in vitro and in vivo effects of GRK2. Whole genome microarray gene expression profiling was performed of cultured HEK cells and of NOD.Scid mouse-expanded HEK clones. As an additional control, cells were re-cultured in vitro after expansion in NOD.Scid mice.
Inhibition of G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) triggers the growth-promoting mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.
Specimen part
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