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GSE45274
Mus musculus
28 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array (mogene10st)
Description
Direct conversion of fibroblasts to induced cardiomyocytes (iCMs) has great potential for regenerative medicine. Recent publications have reported significant progress, but the evaluation of reprogramming has relied upon non-functional measures such as flow cytometry for cardiomyocyte markers or GFP expression driven by a cardiomyocyte-specific promoter. The issue is one of practicality: the most stringent measures - electrophysiology to detect cell excitation and the presence of spontaneously contracting myocytes - are not readily quantifiable in the large numbers of cells screened in reprogramming experiments. However, excitation and contraction are linked by a third functional characteristic of cardiomyocytes: the rhythmic oscillation of intracellular calcium levels. We set out to optimize direct conversion of fibroblasts to iCMs with a quantifiable calcium reporter to rapidly assess functional transdifferentiation. We constructed a reporter system in which the calcium indicator GCaMP is driven by the cardiomyocyte-specific Troponin T promoter. Using calcium activity as our primary outcome measure, we compared several published combinations of transcription factors along with novel combinations in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. The most effective combination consisted of Hand2, Nkx2.5, Gata4, Mef2c, and Tbx5 (HNGMT). This combination is >50-fold more efficient than GMT alone and produces iCMs with cardiomyocyte marker expression, robust calcium oscillation, and spontaneous beating that persists for weeks following inactivation of reprogramming factors. HNGMT is also significantly more effective than previously published factor combinations for the transdifferentiation of adult mouse cardiac fibroblasts to iCMs. Quantification of calcium function is a convenient and effective means for the identification and evaluation of cardiomyocytes generated by direct reprogramming. Using this stringent outcome measure, we conclude that HNGMT produces iCMs more efficiently than previously published methods.
Publication Title
Optimization of direct fibroblast reprogramming to cardiomyocytes using calcium activity as a functional measure of success.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 11 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Gene 2.0 ST Array (mogene20st)
Description
We previously showed that severe liver diseases are characterized by expansion of liver progenitor cells (LPC), which correlates with disease severity. However, the origin and role of LPC in liver physiology and in the hepatic response to injury remains a contentious topic. We have now used genetic lineage tracing of Hnf1-expressing biliary duct cells to assess their contribution to LPC expansion and hepatocyte generation during normal liver homeostasis, and following different types of liver injury. We found that ductular reaction cells in human cirrhotic livers express HNF1. However, HNF1 expression was not present in newly generated EpCAM-positive hepatocytes. Using a tamoxifen-inducible Hnf1CreER/R26RYFP/LacZ mouse, we show that there is no contribution of the biliary epithelium to hepatocyte turnover during liver homeostasis in healthy mice. Moreover, after loss of liver mass, Hnf1+ LPC did not contribute to hepatocyte regeneration. We also assessed the contribution of Hnf1+ cells following acute and repeated liver injury. All animal models showed expansion of LPC, as assessed by immunostaining and gene expression profile of sorted YFP-positive cells. A contribution of Hnf1+ LPC to hepatocyte generation was not detected in animal models of liver injury with preserved hepatocyte regenerative potential such as acute acetaminophen, carbon tetrachloride injury, or chronic diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydro-collidin (DDC)-diet. However, in mice fed with choline-deficient ethionine-supplemented (CDE)-diet, which causes profound hepatocyte damage and arrest, a small number of hepatocytes were derived from Hnf1+ cells. Conclusion: Hnf1+ cells do not participate in hepatocyte turnover in the healthy liver or during liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. After liver injury, LPC arise from the biliary duct epithelium, which gives rise to a limited number of hepatocytes only when hepatocyte regeneration is compromised.
Publication Title
The biliary epithelium gives rise to liver progenitor cells.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 111 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
Genomic profiling of bleomycin- and saline-treated mice across 7 timepoints (1, 2, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 days post treatment) was carried out in C57BL6/J mice to determine the phases of response to bleomycin treatment which correspond to onset of active pulmonary fibrosis.
Publication Title
Bleomycin induces molecular changes directly relevant to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a model for "active" disease.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Specimen part, Treatment, Time
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 12 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array (hgu133plus2)
Description
Genomic profiling of RNA from cultured human fibroblasts of donor samples in the 10-14th passage was carried out to determine expression changes in the fibroblasts of individual with different degrees of pulmonary fibrosis. Donors consisted of individuals with rapid progressing pulmonary fibrosis, slow progressing pulmonary fibrosis, or no fibrosis.
Publication Title
Bleomycin induces molecular changes directly relevant to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a model for "active" disease.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 22 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Gene 2.0 ST Array (mogene20st)
Description
To determine genes in FL HSCs that are sensitive to Notch signagling, E14.5 FL cells were cultured on DL1( to stimulate Notch signaling). Cells were cultured in the presence of DMSO (vehicle control) or gamma secretase inhibitor (1uM) for 4 hrs or 10hrs. Gamma secretase inhibitor was used to inhibit Notch signaling. SLAM-LSKs were sorted and used for RNA preparation.
Publication Title
The Notch1 transcriptional activation domain is required for development and reveals a novel role for Notch1 signaling in fetal hematopoietic stem cells.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Treatment, Time
View Samples- Schizosaccharomyces pombe
- 12 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Yeast Genome 2.0 Array (yeast2)
Description
In fission yeast the SET domain protein, Set3p is required for the reliable execution of cytokinesis.
Publication Title
The SET domain protein, Set3p, promotes the reliable execution of cytokinesis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
Sample Metadata Fields
Treatment
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 24 Downloadable Samples
IlluminaHiSeq2000
Description
A greater understanding of the molecular pathways that underpin the unique human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) self-renewal program will improve strategies to expand these critical cell types for regenerative therapies. The post-transcriptional mechanisms guiding HSPC fate during ex vivo expansion have not been closely investigated. Using shRNA-mediated knockdown, we show that the RNA-binding protein (RBP) Musashi-2 (MSI2) is required for human HSPC self-renewal. Conversely, when overexpressed, MSI2 induces multiple pro-self-renewal phenotypes, including significant ex vivo expansion of short- and long-term repopulating cells through direct attenuation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling. Using a global analysis of MSI2-RNA interactions, we determined that MSI2 post-transcriptionally downregulates canonical AHR pathway components in cord blood HSPCs. Our study provides new mechanistic insight into RBP-controlled RNA networks that underlie the self-renewal process and provides evidence that manipulating such networks can provide a novel means to enhance the regenerative potential of human HSPCs expanded ex vivo. Overall design: 4 samples were used for RNA-seq (4 biological duplicate) including 2 sets of control samples (irrelvant shRNA kncok-downs)
Publication Title
Musashi-2 attenuates AHR signalling to expand human haematopoietic stem cells.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 12 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina MouseWG-6 v2.0 expression beadchip
Description
Cocaine-induced alterations in gene expression cause changes in neuronal morphology and behavior that may underlie cocaine addiction. We identified an essential role for histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9) dimethylation and the lysine dimethyltransferase G9a in cocaine-induced structural and behavioral plasticity. Repeated cocaine administration reduced global levels of H3K9 dimethylation in the nucleus accumbens. This reduction in histone methylation was mediated through the repression of G9a in this brain region. To identify whether changes in H3K9me2 correlated with genome-wide alterations in gene expression in the NAc, we employed microarray analyses to examine gene expression profiles induced by a challenge dose of cocaine in animals with or without a history of prior cocaine exposure. Animals that had received repeated cocaine displayed dramatically increased gene expression 1 hour after a cocaine challenge in comparison to acutely treated animals. This increased gene expression still occurred in response to a cocaine challenge given after 1 week of withdrawal from repeated cocaine. These data suggest that repeated, but not acute, cocaine exposure results in persistent sensitized genomic responses to a cocaine challenge, indicating that sensitized behavioral responses to repeated cocaine are likely the result of G9a-dependent alterations in global transcriptional responses to cocaine.
Publication Title
Essential role of the histone methyltransferase G9a in cocaine-induced plasticity.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 18 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix Mouse Expression 430A Array (moe430a)
Description
Cellular stress responses can be activated following functional defects in organelles such as mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum. Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by loss of the serine protease HtrA2 leads to a progressive movement disorder in mice and has been linked to parkinsonian neurodegeneration in humans. Here we demonstrate that loss of HtrA2 results in transcriptional up-regulation of nuclear genes characteristic of the integrated stress response, including the transcription factor CHOP, selectively in the brain. We also show that loss of HtrA2 results in the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the mitochondria, defective mitochondrial respiration and enhanced production of reactive oxygen species that contribute to the induction of CHOP expression and to neuronal cell death. CHOP expression is also significantly increased in Parkinsons disease patients brain tissue. We therefore propose that this brain-specific transcriptional response to stress may be important in the advance of neurodegenerative diseases.
Publication Title
Mitochondrial dysfunction triggered by loss of HtrA2 results in the activation of a brain-specific transcriptional stress response.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 12 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Expression 430A Array (moe430a)
Description
Cellular stress responses can be activated following functional defects in organelles such as mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum. Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by loss of the serine protease HtrA2 leads to a progressive movement disorder in mice and has been linked to parkinsonian neurodegeneration in humans. Here we demonstrate that loss of HtrA2 results in transcriptional up-regulation of nuclear genes characteristic of the integrated stress response, including the transcription factor CHOP, selectively in the brain. We also show that loss of HtrA2 results in the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the mitochondria, defective mitochondrial respiration and enhanced production of reactive oxygen species that contribute to the induction of CHOP expression and to neuronal cell death. CHOP expression is also significantly increased in Parkinsons disease patients brain tissue. We therefore propose that this brain-specific transcriptional response to stress may be important in the advance of neurodegenerative diseases.
Publication Title
Mitochondrial dysfunction triggered by loss of HtrA2 results in the activation of a brain-specific transcriptional stress response.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples