The aim of our study was to identify gene expression profiles of ductal and lobular carcinomas in relation to normal ductal and lobular cells. We examined ten mastectomy specimens from postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Ductal and lobular tumor and normal cells were microdissected from cryosections. Fifty nanograms of total RNA were amplified and labeled by PCR and in vitro transcription. GCOS pairwise comparison algorithm and rank products have identified multiple genes that are differentially expressed in comparisons between ductal and lobular tumor and normal cell types. The results suggest that these genes are involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, TGFbeta and Wnt signaling. These changes are present in both tumor types but appear to be more prominent in lobular carcinomas.
Novel markers for differentiation of lobular and ductal invasive breast carcinomas by laser microdissection and microarray analysis.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesNOD mice were injected once a week with LTBR-Ig to block the LTBR-pathway, or with control monoclonal antibody MOPC from age 8 to 16 weeks old. Extraorbital lacrimal glands or submaxillary glands were dissected and total mRNA prepared. Each sample was either the combined lacrimals (2) from each mouse or individual salivary glands. There were 4 mice in each treatment group. Total mRNA was isolated and the quality was assessed using the Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Technologies, Palo Alto, CA). Reverse transcription to prepare cDNA was performed using Invitrogen M-MLV system. The purpose was to determine changes in gene expression in glands due to blockade of the LTBR-pathway.
Lymphotoxin-beta receptor blockade reduces CXCL13 in lacrimal glands and improves corneal integrity in the NOD model of Sjögren's syndrome.
Specimen part, Treatment, Time
View SamplesTo study the function of BAF250 during ES cell self renewal and differentiation
ES cell pluripotency and germ-layer formation require the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling component BAF250a.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe fragile X mental retardation protein FMRP is an RNA binding protein that regulates translation of its bound mRNAs through incompletely defined mechanisms. FMRP has been linked to the microRNA pathway and we show here that it is associated with MOV10, a putative helicase that is also associated with the microRNA pathway. We show that FMRP associates with MOV10 in an RNA-dependent manner and facilitates MOV10-association with RNAs in brain. We identified the RNA sequences recognized by MOV10 using iCLIP and found an increased number of G-quadruplexes in the CLIP sites. We provide evidence that MOV10 facilitates microRNA-mediated translation regulation and also has the novel role of increasing the expression of a subset of RNAs by sterically hindering Argonaute2 association. In summary, we have identified a new mechanism for FMRP-mediated translational regulation through its association with MOV10. Overall design: Comparison of MOV10 siRNA knockdown, irrelevant siRNA control and MOV10 overexpression on total RNA levels
MOV10 and FMRP regulate AGO2 association with microRNA recognition elements.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesUsing the iCLIP protocol we have identified the cellular RNA entities that are bound by MOV10. We report the location and sequence of the MOV10 binding region on each RNA entity. Overall design: To identify the RNAs that bound MOV10, we UV-cross-linked HEK293F cells and immunoprecipitated with an irrelevant antibody (ir or "control") followed by a MOV10-specific antibody (MOV10) to isolate associated RNAs after stringent washing.
MOV10 and FMRP regulate AGO2 association with microRNA recognition elements.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesIn order to assess the physiological role of Cop1 in vivo we generated mice that do no longer express the protein. Cop1KO mice die at around E10.5 of embryonic development. In order to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms that cause the embryonic death we compared the genome-wide gene expression profile of E9.5 wild-tytpe and Cop1-null embryos. The data do not support a role for Cop1 in the regulation of the p53 pathway in vivo and highlight a role for Cop1 in cardiovascular development and/or angiogenesis. The abstract of the associated publication is as follows:Biochemical data have suggested conflicting roles for the E3 ubiquitin ligase Cop1 in tumourigenesis. Here we present the first in vivo investigation of the role of Cop1 in cancer aetiology. We used an innovative genetic approach to generate an allelic series of Cop1 and show that Cop1 hypomorphic mice spontaneously develop malignancy at a high frequency in their first year of life and are highly susceptible to radiation-induced lymphomagenesis. Biochemically, we show that Cop1 regulates c-Jun oncoprotein stability and modulates c-Jun/AP1 transcriptional activity in vivo. Cop1-deficiency stimulates cell proliferation in a c-Jun-dependent manner. We conclude that Cop1 is a tumour suppressor that antagonizes c-Jun oncogenic activity in vivo.
Cop1 constitutively regulates c-Jun protein stability and functions as a tumor suppressor in mice.
Specimen part
View SamplesGene expression in murine ES cells
Modeling insertional mutagenesis using gene length and expression in murine embryonic stem cells.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe study aimed to resolve the mechanisms of protective actions of MMP-8 in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.
The interplay of matrix metalloproteinase-8, transforming growth factor-β1 and vascular endothelial growth factor-C cooperatively contributes to the aggressiveness of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesImbalances in glucose and energy homeostasis are at the core of the worldwide epidemic of obesity and diabetes. Here, we illustrate an important role of the TGF-beta/Smad3 signaling pathway in regulating glucose and energy homeostasis. Smad3 deficient mice are protected from diet-induced obesity and diabetes. Interestingly, the metabolic protection is accompanied by Smad3-/- white adipose tissue acquiring the bioenergetic and gene expression profile of brown fat/skeletal muscle. Smad3-/- adipocytes demonstrate a marked increase in mitochondrial biogenesis, with a corresponding increase in basal respiration, and Smad3 acts as a repressor of PGC-alpha1 expression. We observe significant correlation between TGF-beta1 levels and adiposity in rodents and humans. Further, systemic blockade of TGF-beta1 signaling protects mice from obesity, diabetes and hepatic steatosis. Together, these results demonstrate that TGF-beta signaling regulates glucose tolerance and energy homeostasis and suggest that modulation of TGF-beta1 activity might be an effective treatment strategy for obesity and diabetes.
Protection from obesity and diabetes by blockade of TGF-β/Smad3 signaling.
Treatment
View SamplesSpermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are critical for maintaining spermatogenesis throughout adult life. Little is known about how SSCs are first generated. Here, we report the identification of a transcription factor—RHOX10—that promotes the initial establishment of SSCs. We were led to this discovery because we found that conditional loss of a large X-linked gene cluster comprised of 33 related homeobox genes, including Rhox10, causes defects predicted if SSCs fail to be generated or maintained. Remarkably, KO of only Rhox10 elicits SSC-related defects indistinguishable from KO of the entire gene cluster. Using a battery of approaches, including single cell-RNAseq analysis, we determined that loss of Rhox10 causes accumulation of undifferentiated germ cells—Pro-spermatogonia (ProSG)—at a time when they normally would form SSCs. The identification of a transcription factor that drives the initial generation of SSCs has potential therapeutic applications for infertility. Overall design: Single cell RNA-seq analysis of ID4-positive testicular cells from Wildtype and Rhox10 knockout mice (Postnatal day 3 and 7)
The Homeobox Transcription Factor RHOX10 Drives Mouse Spermatogonial Stem Cell Establishment.
Specimen part, Subject
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