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GSE46006
Mus musculus
12 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array (mogene10st)
Description
The mucosal epithelium plays a key role in regulating immune homeostasis. Dysregulation of epithelial barrier function is associated with mucosal inflammation. Expression of claudin-2, a pore-forming tight junction protein, is highly upregulated during inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and, due to its association with epithelial permeability, has been postulated to promote inflammation. Furthermore, claudin-2 also regulates colonic epithelial cell proliferation and intestinal nutrient absorption. However, the precise role of claudin-2 in regulating colonic epithelial and immune homeostasis remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate, using Villin-Claudin-2 transgenic (Cl-2TG) mice, that increased colonic claudin-2 expression unexpectedly protects mice against experimentally induced colitis and colitis-associated cancer. Notably, Cl-2TG mice exhibited increased colon length and permeability as compared with wild type (WT) littermates. However, despite their leaky colon, Cl-2TG mice subjected to experimental colitis were immune compromised, with reduced induction of TLR-2, TLR-4, Myd-88 expression and NF-kB and STAT3 activation. Most importantly, colonic macrophages in Cl-2TG mice exhibited an anergic phenotype. Claudin-2 overexpression also increased colonocyte proliferation and provided protection against colitis-induced colonocyte death. Taken together, our findings have revealed a critical role of claudin-2 in regulating colonic homeostasis, suggesting novel therapeutic strategies for inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract.
Publication Title
Targeted colonic claudin-2 expression renders resistance to epithelial injury, induces immune suppression, and protects from colitis.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Specimen part, Treatment
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 10 Downloadable Samples
IlluminaHiSeq2000
Description
We report that Dnmt1 is crucial during perinatal intestinal development. Loss of Dnmt1 in intervillus progenitor cells causes global hypomethylation, DNA damage, premature differentiation, and apoptosis, and consequently, loss of nascent villi. We further confirm the critical role for Dnmt1 during crypt development using the in vitro organoid culture system, and illustrate a clear differential requirement for Dnmt1 in immature versus mature organoids. These results demonstrate an essential role for Dnmt1 in maintaining genomic stability during intestinal development and the establishment of intestinal crypts. Overall design: We performed RNA-Seq of control and Dnmt1-ablated intestinal progenitor cells isolated from parrafin embedded tissues by laser capture microdissection (LCM).
Publication Title
Dnmt1 is essential to maintain progenitors in the perinatal intestinal epithelium.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 5 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Expression 430A Array (moe430a)
Description
Background and Aims: HNF4a is a nuclear hormone receptor transcription factor that has been shown to be required for hepatocyte differentiation and development of the liver. It has also been implicated in regulating expression of genes that act in the epithelium of the lower gastrointestinal tract. This implied that HNF4a might be required for development of the gut. Methods: We generated mouse embryos in which HNF4a was ablated in the epithelial cells of the fetal colon using Cre-loxP technology. Embryos were examined using a combination of histology, immunohistochemistry, gene array and RT-PCR, and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses to define the consequence of loss of HNF4a on colon development. Results: Embryos could be generated until E18.5 that lacked HNF4a in their colon. Although, early stages of colonic development occurred, HNF4a null colons failed to form normal crypts. In addition, goblet cell maturation was perturbed and expression of an array of genes that encode proteins with diverse roles in colon function was disrupted. Several genes whose expression in the colon was dependent on HNF4a contained HNF4abinding sites sequences within putative transcriptional regulatory regions and a subset of these sites were occupied by HNF4a in vivo. Conclusion: HNF4a is a transcription factor that is essential for development of the mammalian colon, regulates goblet cell maturation and is required for expression of genes that control normal colon function and epithelial cell differentiation.
Publication Title
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha is essential for embryonic development of the mouse colon.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 4 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430A 2.0 Array (mouse430a2)
Description
The composition of chromatin remodeling complexes dictates how these enzymes control transcriptional programs and cellular identity. Here, we investigate the composition of SWI/SNF complexes in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). In contrast to differentiated cells, ESCs have a biased incorporation of certain paralogous SWI/SNF subunits, with low levels of Brm, BAF170 and ARID1B. Upon differentiation, the expression of these subunits increases, resulting in a higher diversity of compositionally distinct SWI/SNF enzymes. We also identify Brd7 as a novel component of the PBAF complex in both ESCs and differentiated cells. Using shRNA-mediated depletion of Brg1, we show that SWI/SNF can function as both a repressor and an activator in pluripotent cells, regulating expression of developmental modifiers and signaling components such as Nodal, ADAMTS1, Bmi-1, CRABP1 and TRH. Knock-down studies of PBAF-specific Brd7 and of a signature subunit within the BAF complex, ARID1A, show that these two sub-complexes affect SWI/SNF target genes differentially, in some cases even antagonistically. This may be due to their different biochemical properties. Finally, we examine the role of SWI/SNF in regulating its target genes during differentiation. We find that SWI/SNF affects recruitment of components of the pre-initiation complex in a promoter-specific manner, to modulate transcription positively or negatively. Taken together, our results provide insight into the function of compositionally diverse SWI/SNF enzymes that underlie their inherent gene-specific mode of action.
Publication Title
BRD7, a novel PBAF-specific SWI/SNF subunit, is required for target gene activation and repression in embryonic stem cells.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 1 Downloadable Sample
Description
MicroRNAs fine-tune the activity of hundreds of protein-coding genes. The identification of tissue-specific microRNAs and their promoters has been constrained by the limited sensitivity of prior microRNA quantification methods. Here we determine the entire microRNAome of three endoderm-derived tissues, liver, small intestine, and pancreas, using ultra-high throughput sequencing. Although many microRNA genes are expressed at comparable levels, 162 microRNAs exhibited striking tissue-specificity. After mapping the promoters for these microRNA genes using H3K4me3 histone occupancy, we analyzed the regulatory modules of 63 microRNAs differentially expressed between liver and small intestine or pancreas. We determined that the same transcriptional regulatory mechanisms govern tissue-specific gene expression of both mRNA and microRNA encoding genes in mammals.
Publication Title
Tissue-specific regulation of mouse microRNA genes in endoderm-derived tissues.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 10 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array (hgu133plus2)
Description
In this study we examined the effect of T cell-derived cytokines on retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells with respect to expression of complement components. We used an in vitro co-culture system in which CD3/CD28-activated human T cells were separated from the human RPE cell line (ARPE-19) by a membrane. Differential gene expression in the RPE cells of complement factor genes was identified using gene arrays, and selected gene transcripts were validated by q-RT-PCR. Protein expression was determined by ELISA and immunoblotting. Co-culture with activated T cells increased RPE mRNA and/or protein expression of complement components C3, factors B, H, H-like 1, CD46, CD55, CD59, and clusterin, in a dose-dependent manner. Soluble factors derived from activated T cells are capable of increasing expression of complement components in RPE cells. This is important for the further understanding of inflammatory ocular diseases such as uveitis and age-related macular degeneration.
Publication Title
Retinal pigment epithelial cells upregulate expression of complement factors after co-culture with activated T cells.
Sample Metadata Fields
Disease, Disease stage
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 1113 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HiSeq 2000, Illumina HiSeq 2500
Description
We successfully sequenced and annotated more than 400 cells from child, adult control, type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes donors. We detect donor-type specific transcript variation. We also report that cells from child donors have less defined gene signature. Cells from type 2 diabetes donors resemble juvenile cells in gene expression. Overall design: Cells from three adult controls (56, 74, 92), one donor with type 1 diabetes (91), two donors with type 2 diabetes (75, 143), and two child donors (40, 72) were sequenced. Numbers in parathesis indicates number of cells sequenced.
Publication Title
Single-Cell Transcriptomics of the Human Endocrine Pancreas.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Subject
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 107 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
Copy number variation (CNV) of DNA segments has recently been identified as a major source of genetic diversity, but a more comprehensive understanding of the extent and phenotypic effect of this type of variation is only beginning to emerge. In this study we generated genome-wide expression data from 6 mouse tissues to investigate how CNVs influence gene expression.
Publication Title
Segmental copy number variation shapes tissue transcriptomes.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Caenorhabditis elegans
- 9 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix C. elegans Genome Array (celegans)
Description
Expression data from Caenorhabditis elegans let-418(RNAi), mep-1(RNAi) and gfp(RNAi) L1 larvae.
Publication Title
Different Mi-2 complexes for various developmental functions in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Sample Metadata Fields
Disease
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 2 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
The mammalian liver, the largest solid organ in the body, accomplishes multiple critical roles necessary to preserve homeostasis. Human liver diseases are debilitating, costly and very often result in death. Uncovering developmental mechanisms that establish the complex architecture of the liver or generate the cellular diversity of this organ is necessary to develop more adequate methods to prevent, diagnose and cure liver diseases. This study investigated the role of the homeobox gene Prox1 during mouse hepatogenesis.
Publication Title
Prox1 ablation in hepatic progenitors causes defective hepatocyte specification and increases biliary cell commitment.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples